AI in ESL/EFL Writing Instruction: A Flexibility-Adaptive Theory Framework

Background and Significance:

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in language learning has garnered increasing attention, with AI-driven tools offering innovative ways to enhance English as a ESL/EFL instruction. However, despite the growing presence of AI in language education, its effectiveness in and impacts on ESL/EFL writing classes remains insufficiently explored. This study seeks to explore the role of AI in supporting writing development among college freshmen majoring in English in Taiwan. Guided by Flexibility-Adaptive Theory, which emphasizes the need for instructional strategies to be dynamic and responsive to learners’ evolving needs, this study explores the role of AI tools in personalizing learning experiences, improving engagement, and adapting to individual learners’ progress in an ESL/EFL writing context.

The primary objectives of this study are: (1) to examine how AI-driven writing tools can be implemented in ESL/EFL writing instruction; (2) to understand students’ experiences and perceptions of AI-assisted writing; (3) to identify the challenges and benefits associated with AI integration in writing classes; and (4) to provide practical implications for educators seeking to implement AI while maintaining pedagogical flexibility and responsiveness.

Methodology:

This study employs a qualitative research design to gain in-depth insights into students’ experiences in an AI-implemented ESL/EFL writing class where a total of 15 college freshmen enrolled will be recruited as participants. Data will be collected through students’ written works, semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and reflective journals. Thematic analysis will be used to identify emerging patterns and themes related to the use of AI in writing instruction.

Expected Outcomes:

Findings from this study will contribute to a deeper understanding of the integration of AI in ESL/EFL writing instruction, aiming to provide educators with valuable insights on how to effectively leverage AI tools to support writing development across diverse student abilities.